Cruciate Surgery

An anterior cruciate tear is commonly seen in large breed dogs and overweight dogs. When the anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) is stretched or torn, the knee joint makes a sliding motion, instead of making the normal hinge-like movement. When this happens, the femur and tibia bones that form the knee joint rub back and forth on each other. This is referred to as "drawer sign". This abnormal instability and motion causes trauma within the joint that leads to wearing of the cartilage, inflammation and increased synovial fluid production within the knee. The ligament may undergo partial tearing over a period of months, or it may suddenly rupture during normal physical activity. The surgical correction involves removing the torn ligament and stabilizing the knee with an artificial material much like heavy fishing line. The nylon band is placed along side the knee joint to strengthen the joint and provide stabilization. Sometimes the meniscus (the shock-absorbing cartilage in the middle of the knee joint) has to also be removed if it is found to be damaged. As with any surgery involving weight bearing joints, physical activity is highly restricted for 6-8 weeks after surgery. No running or jumping is allowed. Very gradual return to normal activity cannot begin until the 3rd month after surgery. The 4th month after surgery will show a return to near normal activity levels. This schedule will depend upon recommendations from your veterinarian within several follow up exams. If you are unable to follow the strict confinement guidelines, your dog may have a longer period of highly restricted activity. The smaller the size of dog and the earlier the surgery is done, the better the prognosis for return to pain free function.